Coding, or computer programming, is the process of writing instructions that a computer can execute to perform specific tasks. These instructions are written in a programming language, which acts as a bridge between human logic and machine understanding.

Core concepts every beginner should know include:

• Variables: Containers for storing data values. For example, in Python:

• Data Types: Define the kind of data a variable holds, such as integers, floats, strings, booleans, arrays, or objects.

• Syntax: The set of rules that defines how code must be written for the computer to understand it.

• Flow Control: Structures like if-else (selection), loops (iteration), and sequential execution to control the program’s logic.

• Functions/Procedures: Reusable blocks of code that perform specific tasks.

Example – Calculating the average of numbers in Python: